08.09.2026 Veli Pekka Toropainen
Female Household Servants in the Seventeenth-Century Town of Turku in South-West Finland
Between 1639 and 1700, the lower town court in Turku heard around 2,000 cases involving female household servants. During this period, at least 20,000 individuals worked as maids in the town, and these legal records offer a varied picture of...